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Converting a 412 to a 2L engine
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Synchromesh
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 26, 2025 1:22 am    Post subject: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Howdy all! I've owned a '72 Super Beetle for a long time but have been dreaming of finding a decent 412. Yes, it's a weird dream car to aspire to but here it is.

Since I live in California and want a manual that leaves me with a '73 coupe which I believe only came with a 1.7 engine. I also have a 2L long block from a 914 which I squirreled away just in case I find one. So my question is: how hard would be to convert that wheezy 1.7 into a 2.0? From what I gather I will need to split the block and basically swap internals. Just wanted to check if this is correct? Also, would the fact that the engine is located 180 degrees from original placement in a 914 play a role? Thanks!
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raygreenwood
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 26, 2025 8:39 am    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Synchromesh wrote:
Howdy all! I've owned a '72 Super Beetle for a long time but have been dreaming of finding a decent 412. Yes, it's a weird dream car to aspire to but here it is.

Since I live in California and want a manual that leaves me with a '73 coupe which I believe only came with a 1.7 engine. I also have a 2L long block from a 914 which I squirreled away just in case I find one. So my question is: how hard would be to convert that wheezy 1.7 into a 2.0? From what I gather I will need to split the block and basically swap internals. Just wanted to check if this is correct? Also, would the fact that the engine is located 180 degrees from original placement in a 914 play a role? Thanks!


There are a few things that will be hurdles. Typically it's an easy swap. You would take the sheet metal and exhaust manifolds from the 1.7L and pretty much everything else swaps over into the same places as they are both D-jet.

In the rest of the 49 states, the 1.7L is not "wheezy". It's 82hp and with some careful tuning it can put out 90+ .....which will be as much or more than a California version of the 2.0 from the 914 (if they had one).

I am assuming you are wanting to make this "look" like a 1.7L under the hood. The issue you will have is that the 1.7L in the 412 will have to have the smog pump, egr that went to the left end of the muffler.
And, the 2.0 will need the 2.0 intake runners and center manifold and vertical TB to work properly. It has larger runners and TB. Even with the smog pump and EGR you will not pass visual inspection from the intake runners alone.

Personally, I would build the 1.7L into a 1.8 with better compression than the 1.8L with L-jet. You can get away with tuning the D-jet to run well with that. A slightly better than stock cam....either the 914 2.0 euro spec cam from Web cam or something similar from Raby like the 9590.....and that would spank a California spec 2.0.

The other issue that you will run into is tuning to pass emissions. It can be done but it's some work. Ray
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Synchromesh
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 26, 2025 10:28 am    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Thanks for the info. Actually, in California emissions only need to be passed on 1976 and younger cars so a 412 would be automatically exempt. Therefore, there's no reason to fiddle with emissions equipment. So with that in mind, what exactly needs to be swapped over for this to work properly?
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raygreenwood
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 26, 2025 1:37 pm    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Synchromesh wrote:
Thanks for the info. Actually, in California emissions only need to be passed on 1976 and younger cars so a 412 would be automatically exempt. Therefore, there's no reason to fiddle with emissions equipment. So with that in mind, what exactly needs to be swapped over for this to work properly?


Ah!...cool!

So really, not much needs to be changed. Just the exhaust manifolds and muffler to drop it into the 412. You will use the upper cylinder tins from the 2.0 because the spark plug angle is unique, use the 1.7L heat exchangers and vertical heat risers in the rear to connect to the cooling shroud. Attache the 412 rear hanger bar.

I would look around and find a 215mm clutch from a 1.8L and bolt that in. Put the trans pilot bearing back into the end of teh crank where it belongs (its in the flywheel on 914).

Othere than that, the 2.0 MPS goes where the 1.7L MPS went and the 2.0 ECU goes right into the same compartment as the 1.7L.

If your engne was a non California 2.0....you can probably use the 1.7L wiring harness if needed. Ray
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 26, 2025 9:05 pm    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

raygreenwood wrote:
Synchromesh wrote:
Thanks for the info. Actually, in California emissions only need to be passed on 1976 and younger cars so a 412 would be automatically exempt. Therefore, there's no reason to fiddle with emissions equipment. So with that in mind, what exactly needs to be swapped over for this to work properly?


Ah!...cool!

So really, not much needs to be changed. Just the exhaust manifolds and muffler to drop it into the 412. You will use the upper cylinder tins from the 2.0 because the spark plug angle is unique, use the 1.7L heat exchangers and vertical heat risers in the rear to connect to the cooling shroud. Attache the 412 rear hanger bar.

I would look around and find a 215mm clutch from a 1.8L and bolt that in. Put the trans pilot bearing back into the end of teh crank where it belongs (its in the flywheel on 914).

Othere than that, the 2.0 MPS goes where the 1.7L MPS went and the 2.0 ECU goes right into the same compartment as the 1.7L.

If your engne was a non California 2.0....you can probably use the 1.7L wiring harness if needed. Ray


SO if i read this correcet ? basically just need to swap some of the engine tin and exhaust over from a 1.7 to the 2L no need to do any internal stuff ?? Id be curious to upgrade my 1.7 in my 72 411 ( if i find my motor is KAPUT )
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Lars S
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PostPosted: Tue Jan 28, 2025 6:07 am    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

I recently did about the same operation, put a 914 2.0 engine in my 1.7 Coupe.

You need to use all oft the engine tin from the 1.7 since the 914 2.0 tin is made to fit a totally different surrounding (same as the early Porsche 2.0 six).

Just drill new holes for the spark plugs and block the old holes.
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


I used rubber plugs on mine but welding them would look even better
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


I currently use trottle body and plenum from the 2.1 WBX....
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


...but have earlier used the 914 throttle body with good result.
Both plenums can easily be fitted to the stock air cleaner with a suitable flexible hose.
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.





/lars S
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Lars S
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PostPosted: Tue Jan 28, 2025 8:54 am    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

..also if you not have noted it already:
The 914 has the roller bearing for the trans input axle in the flywheel, the 412 has it in the end of the crankskaft.
I bought a new bearing (they are cheap!), replaced the small distance ring in the end of the 914 crankshaft with the new bearing.
(I used the 412 flywhel.)

You also have to move the two engine mounts at the oil pump from the 1,7 to the 2.0.

The gas wire in the 914 comes from the wrong direction (since it has the engine in front of its trans) so it wont work before you do a workaround on that, can take some pics on how I did if you like

Of course the heat exchangers, also has to come from the 1.7.

Nothing more comes to my mind .....right now...
In total its not a lot of work to make a 914 2.0 fit and wey well worth it!!



/Lars S
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raygreenwood
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PostPosted: Tue Jan 28, 2025 10:39 am    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Lars S wrote:
I recently did about the same operation, put a 914 2.0 engine in my 1.7 Coupe.

You need to use all oft the engine tin from the 1.7 since the 914 2.0 tin is made to fit a totally different surrounding (same as the early Porsche 2.0 six).

Just drill new holes for the spark plugs and block the old holes.
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


I used rubber plugs on mine but welding them would look even better
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


I currently use trottle body and plenum from the 2.1 WBX....
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


...but have earlier used the 914 throttle body with good result.
Both plenums can easily be fitted to the stock air cleaner with a suitable flexible hose.
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.





/lars S


Ah! Good reminder Lars!
Yes, the outer perimeter shape of the 1.7L engine tin along with the fit to heat risers etc....are needed to fit in the engine bay.
You can use the 2.0 upper sheet metal and not have the spark plug hole issue....but it's outer edges if memory serves are different than the 412.

As for the intake system. Really the best sized and shaped system for the engine it came with was the 1.7L set up....but it IS too small for the 2.0.

On the other hand, the 2.0 has the largest runner diameters and the correct size TB for the 2.0. While the vertical 2.0 914 style center plenum is decent and will run just fine with the 2.0.....that 2.1 watercolor plenum is superior to the 2.0 914 plenum.

This is not saying that the 2.0 914 plenum is bad.....it's just that the offset entry style of plenum used on 411, 412, bus and WBX ....create less turbulence loss.

Down the line there are a couple of fairly simple mods you can make to the 2.0 914 plenum that a couple of people have done that I kicked around with Shad Laws on the shoptialk forums many years ago. So down the line if you want to later play with the 2.0 914 plenum you can do so. For now the WBX plenum is a better bet.

Ray
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Synchromesh
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PostPosted: Tue Jan 28, 2025 11:25 pm    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Lars S wrote:
The gas wire in the 914 comes from the wrong direction (since it has the engine in front of its trans) so it wont work before you do a workaround on that, can take some pics on how I did if you like


very good stuff, thanks! Yes, if you could please post the throttle wire setup. It would help a lot. Just to be sure, the original setup 1.7 won't work?
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PostPosted: Tue Jan 28, 2025 11:31 pm    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

No, nothing from the 1.7 trottle/plenum/intake will fit, it is also way to narrow, big hp needs big breath! Laughing

Will post throttle pic later.

Lars S
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PostPosted: Wed Jan 29, 2025 6:45 am    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Synchromesh wrote:


very good stuff, thanks! Yes, if you could please post the throttle wire setup. It would help a lot. Just to be sure, the original setup 1.7 won't work?


This is how I made the 914 2.0 throttle body (TB) fit to the 412 gas wire orientation.
I rotated the TB on the plenum about 110(?) degrees clockwise so that the wire angle matched the wire fitting point at the TB.
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


I welded two M8 studs at the right positions, maybe it can be done easier with just two bolts and nuts under the edge of flange...the nuts may have to be filed a bit to get under there...
Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.



/Lars S
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PostPosted: Wed Jan 29, 2025 6:55 am    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

This is why the 914 cooling tin will not fit in a 411/412 engine bay, its made to fit a totally different surrounding namely the same surrounding as for an early porsche 2.0 six.
I cant think of any of the tin pieses that will fit a 411/412...possibly the small inbetween cylinder pieces under the barrels.

Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.


Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.

pics showing a 914 1.7 but my comments apply to all 914 engine sizes




/Lars S
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Synchromesh
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PostPosted: Wed Jan 29, 2025 10:44 am    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Thank you, Lars S. I will keep all of this in mind!
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PostPosted: Mon Apr 14, 2025 3:07 pm    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

According to the folks over at the ShopTalk Forum.com's VW Type 4 engine subsection, the 2 liter VW Bus engine's intake plenum is the best one to use for optimum air flow and is way better than the Porsche 914 2 liter engine's intake plenum.

Your opinions may vary. However, the VW Bus intake plenum is shaped similarly to the stock VW 1.7 liter engine's intake plenum, so it may be more of a simple "bolt-in" part to use when you upgrade to a 2 liter engine in your VW 412.

The Porsche 914's intake plenum is allegedly not the best for air flow because it supposedly creates too much turbulence within the plenum for best air flow into the individual intake runners.
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PostPosted: Mon Apr 14, 2025 11:13 pm    Post subject: Re: Converting a 412 to a 2L engine Reply with quote

Vanagonsgoslow wrote:
According to the folks over at the ShopTalk Forum.com's VW Type 4 engine subsection, the 2 liter VW Bus engine's intake plenum is the best one to use for optimum air flow and is way better than the Porsche 914 2 liter engine's intake plenum.

Your opinions may vary. However, the VW Bus intake plenum is shaped similarly to the stock VW 1.7 liter engine's intake plenum, so it may be more of a simple "bolt-in" part to use when you upgrade to a 2 liter engine in your VW 412.

The Porsche 914's intake plenum is allegedly not the best for air flow because it supposedly creates too much turbulence within the plenum for best air flow into the individual intake runners.


Once I tested a german 2,0 l bus engine, CJ with the carbs of an 85 hp type 4 AN-engine in an 412 variant. It was a lot of fun. High torque at low revs, due to "lazy" bus cam, but at higer revs "free" due to the bigger 40 PDSIT carbs.
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