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Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon
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wyldryce
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PostPosted: Mon Jun 20, 2016 11:41 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

Jac25 wrote:
Can you post pics of the flanges spacing KEP header? Also where did you purchase them? Thanks


It might be a bit before I'm underneath it again to get pics, but here's the listing for the flanges. You'll need a second pair exhaust gaskets and some longer bolts to take place of the studs... I've struggled to find anyone who can get me 10x1.25 studs in longer than stock lengths.
http://www.ebay.com/itm/Subaru-EJ20-EJ25-Exhaust-M...mp;vxp=mtr
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PostPosted: Mon Oct 03, 2016 4:32 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

D Clymer wrote:
Entry #3: Backtracking to Make New Progress - Modifying the Modified Shifter

As I mentioned in my last entry, I decided to locate the needed ball and socket hardware at the shift lever instead of at the transmission. I chose this solution because it eliminates the problematic geometry issues present at the back due to the inclined Subaru selector shaft, and it also closely replicates the proven shifter concept used on an air-cooled VW. Unfortunately, this change means that a lot of the shifter modifications I presented in Entry #1 of this section have to be scrapped.

Since I was getting a second chance at choosing a leverage arm length for the shift lever, I decided to be more scientific than I had been the first time around when I chose a 6cm leverage arm based upon the 5cm I had measured from a Subaru lever. This time around, I measured the length of the Vanagon shift lever and found that it was 427mm long. I measured the stock Vanagon shifter throw (neutral to first) at 70mm. I already knew the equivalent throw back at the Subaru transmission was 10mm. Using this equation:

X = 10/70 x 427, (X = leverage arm length)

I was able to come up with the length of the leverage arm needed to achieve stock throw. It calculated out to 61mm. Ironically, that was 1mm longer than what I had estimated the first time around. I could have stayed with the stock throw, but I decided to go for a shortened throw. Using the same equation, I settled on a 78mm leverage arm to get a 54.8mm shifter throw. This equates to a 22% reduction.

One of the advantages of this configuration is that the cup mounted at the front of the linkage needs to match the leverage at the bottom of the shift lever. This will allow the shift linkage rod to remain low and close to its original position. With my earlier modified shifter configuration, I would have needed to put a two way bend in the front linkage rod to get it on an even plane with the shortened shift leverage arm. Since linkage interference with the floor of the van was no longer a concern, I went back to the stock shift lever mounting plate and did not use the lower profile flat one I had made.

With the dimensions of the shifter leverage arm and the linkage cup figured out, I turned my attention to fabricating the needed parts. I decided to start with the ball for the end of the shift lever. I machined up a 28mm Delrin ball that could be pushed onto the end of the shift lever with a slight press fit. Here are some shots of the actual machining of the ball.

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The leverage arm at the end of the shift lever was then cut down so that it would provide a 78mm leverage arm. The ball has a height of 20mm, and the leverage point is at the middle of the ball, so 10mm of extra shift lever length was left below the leverage point to fully support the ball.

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The ball was a perfect fit on the end of the shift lever. Next, I found the center of the ball. With the shift lever still inserted into the middle of the ball, I drilled a 3/16” hole through both and pressed in a 3/16” roll pin. The roll pin is 1.5” (38.1mm) long, and the ball has a 28mm diameter, so the pin actually protrudes beyond the ball diameter. This allows the pin to serve double duty. Naturally, the pin secures the ball to the end of the shifter, but additionally, the protruding parts interface with two vertical slots cut into the linkage cup to keep the shift lever from rotating freely in the main pivot bearing. This is consistent with the original VW setup on the air cooled models.

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I next turned my attention to the shift linkage cup. In order to keep the side to side shifter travel proportionate to the front to back travel, a 1:1 ratio of linkage cup length to shifter leverage arm length is needed. To achieve this, a 78mm long cup was needed. I decided to make it 72mm instead, partially for packaging reasons, and partly because I wanted to tighten up the side to side travel somewhat. Time will tell if this was a good move. The cup was made from a length of 1” ID black plumbing pipe with the ID opened up to 28mm.

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My original plan was to weld the cup right to the front of the shifter rod. However, due to the height of the cup, it would have then been impossible to feed the front shift rod into position without first removing the gas tank. To solve this, I designed the cup to be secured to the front shift rod with a vertical roll pin – just like the aluminum cup at the back of the stock 83.5-91 shift linkage . To accommodate this design change, I drilled the end of the cup with a ¾” hole. I then machined up a 9/16” by ¾” bushing, cross drilled with a 3/16” hole for a roll pin to pass through.

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Bushing to be welded in at base of cup

After checking all the critical dimensions one last time, I brought the cup and bushing to Brad to weld.

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The cup was now complete, but there was still no way to attach it to the front of the shift rod. Luckily, 5/8” bar stock fits pretty nicely inside the metric tubular steel that VW used for the linkage rods. After cutting off the clevis just behind the weld, I machined up a length of 5/8” bar with the last 44mm reduced to 9/16”. A matching 3/16” hole was drilled through this rod so that the cup could be attached with a roll pin. After that, I tapped the bar into place on the linkage rod, and Brad welded it into place. The weld had to be carefully ground to allow the front shift bushing to pass over the end of the linkage rod.

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In order for this ball/cup arrangement to work accurately, a shift linkage support bushing had to be added just behind the shifter interface. On the air cooled models, VW hung a bracket and bushing off of the mounting bolts for the shift lever. I decided to mount my support bushing off the rear of the stock Vanagon shift selector box. I wanted to use the stock Vanagon linkage bushing and mounting flange, so I made up a mounting plate to attach these stock hardware items to the rear of the shift box.

Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.

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The height of the mounting plate will determine the length of the shift linkage lever arm. From the lower shift lever collar to the top of the shift linkage rod, I need a dimension of 12.3cm. The location of this mounting plate will need to be determined with all the components mounted in the van. Since the shift lever and box sit inclined towards the front of the car, and the linkage rod is pretty much on the level, the mounting angle of the plate will also need to be determined after all the parts are installed.

Image may have been reduced in size. Click image to view fullscreen.

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The next step is to install all these pieces and see how it all works.

Stay tuned...


David


Hi David excellent work. Curious as to weather this gear linkage would work on the 6mt Subaru transmission?
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D Clymer
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PostPosted: Wed Oct 05, 2016 10:26 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

tiggerjpt wrote:


Hi David excellent work. Curious as to weather this gear linkage would work on the 6mt Subaru transmission?


Thank you! I actually hadn't looked at those photos or my build entry for a long time. There have been a lot of refinements to that portion of my linkage system since then, but it's fun to look back on where I started from. To think I was considering welding the cup directly to the linkage rod! Smile

The 6MT split case transmission actually still uses the shift selector lever from the earlier 5MT. Subaru just added bell-crank style actuator levers to it to allow two cables to operate it. In theory, there's no reason the selector lever couldn't be operated with the 5MT linkage. But there are two big hurdles. One of them is that a reverse lockout would have to be engineered into the shift box. The other is that the primary selector rod in the 6MT transmission isn't set up with any side to side return springing. That would also have to be provided at the shift lever.

It's certainly possible to do this, but that would be a lot of detail engineering, and at that point, you have to ask yourself if it wouldn't be better to just adapt the cable gearchange from the Subaru car to the Vanagon chassis.

Best regards,

Dave
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PostPosted: Wed Oct 05, 2016 11:36 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

I had sent this photo to David some time ago. It was a Factory 5 kit car I had in the shop. It uses a Subaru engine from a WRX. It also has deleted the AWD and is mid engine mounted. Unfortunately, I did not take a picture of the shifter mechanism, but I believe it came from Factory 5 and could be adapted to the Vanagon. You would need to contact them. Cables could be made locally, once you had both ends installed.

[img]
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Hi, David, we have a storm coming it looks like. Hope it just grazes us. mark[/img]
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PostPosted: Fri Nov 25, 2016 3:23 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

Seeing that Subarugears is having a Black Friday sale, I am tempted to buy the kit for a future build. I have read though this thread twice and am wondering which ratio to go with if I pull the trigger, 4.11 or 4.44. Both are praised for a full Westy. I am planning to use a 2.2 for my initial build and have an ej257 short block
in the box for a future Frankenmotor. I live at 9200' but plan on long trips. Off-road use would mostly be rough two track or unimproved roads. Also am going to 215-65-16 or 215-70-16 tires. My instinct is the 4.44 but am open to suggestions. Thoughts?
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PostPosted: Fri Nov 25, 2016 7:46 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

mtnhome wrote:
Seeing that Subarugears is having a Black Friday sale, I am tempted to buy the kit for a future build. I have read though this thread twice and am wondering which ratio to go with if I pull the trigger, 4.11 or 4.44. Both are praised for a full Westy. I am planning to use a 2.2 for my initial build and have an ej257 short block
in the box for a future Frankenmotor. I live at 9200' but plan on long trips. Off-road use would mostly be rough two track or unimproved roads. Also am going to 215-65-16 or 215-70-16 tires. My instinct is the 4.44 but am open to suggestions. Thoughts?


I have larger tires and a 4.44, it's perfect I think. If you have the cash, a limited slip is so sweet with this trans. Really makes a difference in the dirt and mud.
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PostPosted: Fri Nov 25, 2016 11:46 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

mtnhome wrote:
Seeing that Subarugears is having a Black Friday sale, I am tempted to buy the kit for a future build. I have read though this thread twice and am wondering which ratio to go with if I pull the trigger, 4.11 or 4.44. Both are praised for a full Westy. I am planning to use a 2.2 for my initial build and have an ej257 short block
in the box for a future Frankenmotor. I live at 9200' but plan on long trips. Off-road use would mostly be rough two track or unimproved roads. Also am going to 215-65-16 or 215-70-16 tires. My instinct is the 4.44 but am open to suggestions. Thoughts?


4.11 and an EJ22 is not ideal for a full Westy, even with stock sized tires. 4.44 would be the better choice, but you might even consider going with a 4.86:1 final drive - especially if you choose to go with tires as big as 215/70/16. Those are almost 28" in diameter. Even though 4.86:1 is the stock Vanagon final drive, the Subaru 5 speed has a taller first gear (3.45:1 vs 3.78:1), and a taller top gear (.78:1 vs .85:1). I think given your high elevation, I might opt for 4.86:1.

Dave
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PostPosted: Sat Nov 26, 2016 10:27 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

Thanks for the feedback! I have til tomorrow to pull the trigger. I don't "need" a new tranny but know when I do, it would be my choice to go to the 5sp.
Also, I don't think it's going to get cheaper for pkg Subarugears is offering.
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PostPosted: Sat Nov 26, 2016 11:54 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

With a taller 1st, taller 5th, and 28" tires 4.86 could be too tall as well for an EJ22. I think 4.44 could be a big mistake. However maybe you could use 1 thru 4 most of the time with 5th like an overdrive for downhills or tailwinds.
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PostPosted: Sun Nov 27, 2016 9:04 am    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

Can't recommend changing the stock gearing. I changed the 5th to a taller ratio and its a mess. Can totally recommend a 4.44 with bigger tires though. Works so well!
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PostPosted: Mon Jan 09, 2017 9:32 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

You guys may find this helpful in your decision process for which R&P to go with as well as the correct 1-5 gearing. Within the link below is a xls spreadsheet which will allow you to compare 3 different transmission setups against each other. You will need some basic information such as tire info and what your current VW transmission is but from that you can plug away and get rpm and mph data. Column A has rows 16 and 29 which are setup for custom gearing.

What this does not consider is the motors ability to turn the gear. That is why using your current VW gearing is important so you can have a mental baseline on what your engine does today vs the data presented. Some things to keep in mind is what type of motor you have such as being high reving vs more tq based. Just because you put in a tall 5th gear doesn't mean the motor can do much with it. I focused on the above mentioned as well as creating even spacing of my gears as not to create large gaps such as what I currently have with my 3rd to 4th (.82) VW transmission. There is a 24 mph difference between 3rd & 4th at 3800 rpm which means any rpms I do have in 3rd are quickly lost going to 4th. 4th sure cruises nice on flat land but kills in the mountains or big hills and 3rd gear just cant give the mph the motor could support with correct gearing.

I am going with the following shown on table 2 after considering the above
R&P - 4.44 1st - 3.55 2nd - 2.11 3rd - 1.45 4th - 1.09 5th - 0.87


I am not the original author of the sheet as Shawn Wright was but I enhanced it ALOT to support 3 transmissions compared and expanded the RPM tables to get really detailed.

Hope this helps as it made my decisions much easier on which gearing to go with.

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Click here is the link to the spreadsheet for download
http://willbelayforfood.com/Stuff/Vanagon/TransCalc/VanagonTransRatios_TM_updated2.xlsx

Now go enjoy those vans!
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PostPosted: Sat Jan 14, 2017 11:31 am    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

So I ordered the Black Friday sale kit from Subarugears. Todd is a great guy to talk to and very helpful.
I have also been talking with Dave since I will get his installation kit. Another great guy.
I want to have a an LSD or TBD. The low cost OBX is NLA. As it turns out, Subarugears is going to be offering their own helical TBD, so that has been ordered as well. I will post some pics when I receive the parts.
Now I need to find a suitable transmission. I want to run 215 65 or 70 tires on CLK rims. I ordered the 4.44 R&P.
I have been playing with the spreadsheet posted above.

I have been looking at the transmission chart that is on the Rallispec site( http://rallispec.com/downloads/Transmission%20ID%20Chart_Public.pdf ) and see that there are different gear ratios set-ups in different models of Subarus as well as either push or pull clutches.

With an ej22, would there be an optimum transmission to look for the best gear ratios? I am trying to wrap my head around the torque curve of the ej22 and the effect of different gear ratios.
For example, I know where there is a relatively low mileage 2005 turbo Impreza trans with ratios of 3.166, 1.882, 1.296, .972, .738 I can pick up cheap. When I put this in the spreadsheet, it seems to give essentially the same results as using a Legacy trans with ratios of 3.454, 2.062, 1.448, 1.088, .871 so I am sure that I am missing something.
Looking for input from gearing gurus!
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PostPosted: Sat Jan 14, 2017 12:54 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

Congrats on the black Friday sale. I to am going got purchase one of Todd's LSDs while I am at it as well. Should know more in a week or so.

Unfortunately I dont know much about the TQ band of the Subaru motors but I am sure some good feedback will come. The 4.44 is a good ratio and will in general put you in the right spot gearing wise unless you try to get crazy with changing anything but 5th.

Being that the forester is one of the bigger vehicles I focused on its gearing since the VAN is such a brick itself but obviously even more so. With that said I took what I knew with the current VW gearbox and related it to the good things it does and matched that up to the subaru gearboxes. Also I stayed away from the Turbo car gear ratios and you will see their spread between gears is greater and I think because of the heavier VAN we need to play with the closer ratios of the NA cars.

5th gear was the biggest question for me. The VW trans with the taller .82 4th was a real dog running NA and also caused my Turbo setup to stay in boost more than I wanted resulting in poor mpg unless no hills or wind at all. My goal now is to get optimized NA gearing so the van doesnt have to work so hard outside of its TQ band and at which point I will put the turbo back on and run low boost. I have a Bostig swap.

Make sure you use the correct tire revs in the spreadsheet as well or your results will be off.
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 12, 2017 10:03 am    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

Hello everyone!

I'm currently in need of some used sets of Vanagon shift linkage rods and shift levers.
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If you have any of these parts that you'd like to sell, please let me know. I've posted a WTB ad in the Vanagon parts section with more information.

https://www.thesamba.com/vw/classifieds/detail.php?id=2043503

Thanks!

Dave Clymer
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 12, 2017 1:11 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

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PostPosted: Tue Dec 18, 2018 2:49 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

Where are we at on using a Subaru transmission on a Vanagon?

In the future I plan to put an EJ25 in my van. I was considering rebuilding factory 4 speed vanagon trans and install peloquin LSD.

What's the pro's and con's of going with subarugears transmission as opposed to rebuilding factory 4 speed - using a EJ25?
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PostPosted: Tue Dec 18, 2018 3:13 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

shagginwagon83 wrote:
Where are we at on using a Subaru transmission on a Vanagon?

In the future I plan to put an EJ25 in my van. I was considering rebuilding factory 4 speed vanagon trans and install peloquin LSD.

What's the pro's and con's of going with subarugears transmission as opposed to rebuilding factory 4 speed - using a EJ25?


There is a group on Facebook for subiegears
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PostPosted: Wed Dec 19, 2018 6:15 am    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

shagginwagon83 wrote:
Where are we at on using a Subaru transmission on a Vanagon?

In the future I plan to put an EJ25 in my van. I was considering rebuilding factory 4 speed vanagon trans and install peloquin LSD.

What's the pro's and con's of going with subarugears transmission as opposed to rebuilding factory 4 speed - using a EJ25?


Pros
1. Parts availability; used Subaru transmissions and parts are plentiful.
2. Subaru transmission is stronger than the VW component.
3. No adapter plate, flywheel/clutch components, when using a Subaru engine.

Cons
1. Additional expense for transmission, clutch hydraulic lines, shifter linkage.
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 20, 2019 7:02 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

0cean wrote:
Can't recommend changing the stock gearing. I changed the 5th to a taller ratio and its a mess. Can totally recommend a 4.44 with bigger tires though. Works so well!


I'm struggling with ratio selection, as I'd like to be at 2500RPM at 70MPH on the highway. Running 215/70R16 tires (28.9" diameter) - this leans me towards the 4.11, although everyone says stay away?!

it would be a non-turbo trans, with LSD, and I'm undecided between 4.11 and 4.44. The 4.44 would seem to allow you to be at 3300RPM or so at 70MPH and thus able to avoid a down-shift on inclines and such. But to be honest, after owning a TDI van for awhile, i'm pretty used to down-shifting on inclines. So if i was trucking along at 70mph, hit Snoqualmie Pass, and had to downshift to 4th - what's the problem?

Would the 4.11 buy me much fuel efficiency compared to the 4.44, on flat land?

Thanks!
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PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2019 5:59 pm    Post subject: Re: Build Thread: Subaru 5 speed Transmission into Vanagon Reply with quote

luVWagn wrote:
0cean wrote:
Can't recommend changing the stock gearing. I changed the 5th to a taller ratio and its a mess. Can totally recommend a 4.44 with bigger tires though. Works so well!


I'm struggling with ratio selection, as I'd like to be at 2500RPM at 70MPH on the highway. Running 215/70R16 tires (28.9" diameter) - this leans me towards the 4.11, although everyone says stay away?!

it would be a non-turbo trans, with LSD, and I'm undecided between 4.11 and 4.44. The 4.44 would seem to allow you to be at 3300RPM or so at 70MPH and thus able to avoid a down-shift on inclines and such. But to be honest, after owning a TDI van for awhile, i'm pretty used to down-shifting on inclines. So if i was trucking along at 70mph, hit Snoqualmie Pass, and had to downshift to 4th - what's the problem?

Would the 4.11 buy me much fuel efficiency compared to the 4.44, on flat land?

Thanks!


What engine do you have and westy or tin top?
From my readings - Newer 2.5 and a tintop - 4.11 should be fine Probably also okay with a westy. 2.2 and westy - thats too much gearing. 3.6 or EG33 you could go down to the 3.90. Also matters what gearbox you are using and what the fifth gear ration is. I think they vary from the .89 in a 2001 outback, to the more common .78 in the legacy and imprezza's and .73 in the wrx.

I bought the 4.44 for my westy. I don't want to be over geared (or is it under geared?) And I figured out my driving style, where I drive and how my engine performs. I also took screen shots of my tach and speeds on different hills to help me decide where I want to be. 2900 rpm should put me right at 70 in 5th and that seems about perfect to me. Right now my tach shows 4k at 70 mph, so I am dropping about 1,100.

I am still in the install phase. I'm having a hard time finding the drive pinion shims to get my pinion depth and mesh pattern correct.
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'89 Westy - EJ25/22 Frank 4.44 5mt
'75 Miami Blue Sunroof FI Standard Bug
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